The initial symptoms of the disease are mild and include fever, muscle pain, headache and lethargy. Seven to ten days later, the child develops a characteristic red rash on the cheeks which looks as if the child has been slapped.

Thereafter, the child develops lace-like rash on the arms which comes and goes. The rash can also spread to the legs, torso and buttocks.

Symptoms usually develop two to three weeks after the child is exposed to a person who has Fifth Disease.

Diagnosis of the disease is based on the characteristic appearance of the rash. However, a blood test is also available but seldom used. Usually doctors do not prescribe a treatment for Fifth Disease but if the rash is itchy, an anti-itch cream or lotion may be prescribed.

Fifth Disease is caused by the Parvovirus B19 and it is most common during spring and school breaks. Although the symptoms in children are mild, it can cause arthritis in adults. People who are immuno-compromised or those who have sickle cell anemia can develop serious complications due to this infection.

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